[Transformer fire plan] Transformer fire emergency response plan minimizes damage and loss
1 Analysis of accident types and hazard levels
The power plant has 4 main transformers, 1 high-voltage backup transformer, 4 factory transformers, and 2 coal transportation transformers , 2 ash removal transformers, 1 chemical transformer, 1 public transformer and 1 low voltage backup transformer. The main transformer and secondary transformer are oil-immersed air-cooled transformers, and the others are dry-type transformers. Once the transformer catches fire, it will seriously affect the normal production of the power plant. It will not only cause a large-scale power outage in the power plant, but also endanger the personal safety of the staff.
2 Basic principles of emergency response
In accordance with the policy of “safety first, prevention first, comprehensive management” The policy adheres to the principle of combining defense and rescue, based on the prediction and prevention of accidents, with the core of quick and accurate handling of the accident process, with the goal of fully ensuring the safety of people, heating, power grids and equipment, and with the establishment of accident The long-term management and emergency response mechanism is the foundation, with the basic principle of improving rapid response and emergency response capabilities and minimizing the losses and impacts caused by accidents.
3 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities
3.1 Emergency Organization System
Emergency Organization The system is shown in Figure 22-1.
3.2 Command structure and responsibilities
3 2 1 On-site emergency command center
Team leader: Factory Director
Deputy team leader: Deputy Factory Director, Deputy Secretary
Responsibilities: After a transformer fire accident, the on-site emergency command center will comprehensively organize and carry out accident emergency response work.
The on-site emergency command headquarters has offices:
Director: Deputy Factory Director
Members: Leaders of various departments
Responsibilities: Responsible for communicating the situation and summarizing information, and reporting to the power plant emergency headquarters or power plant leaders in a timely manner.
3 2 2 On-site equipment isolation team
Team leader: Deputy director of the operation branch
Members: Operation leader on duty, leader of each professional team (unit leader)
Responsibilities: Familiar with the contents of the emergency plan for transformer fire accidents and the corresponding related equipment , system; emergency plan activationMove quickly and accurately
Isolate the equipment, systems and power sources involved in the transformer fire accident.
3.2 3 Guided evacuation team
Team leader: Director of the Production Equipment Department
Members: Professional engineers of the Production Equipment Department
Responsibilities: Be familiar with the contents of the emergency plan for transformer fire accidents and the relevant roads and surrounding environment conditions at the location involved; when the emergency plan is activated, quickly assemble to the accident emergency site headquarters and accept instructions; according to the distribution of personnel at the accident site, Create safe evacuation passages and organize evacuated people to safe locations.
3.2 4 Security Alert Team
Team leader: Director of the production equipment department responsible for safety management
Members: Power plant safety supervisor, firefighting officer, operation branch safety officer
Responsibilities: Those who are familiar with the emergency plan for transformer fire accidents content and the relevant roads and surrounding environment conditions at the location involved; when the emergency plan is activated, quickly assemble at the accident emergency site headquarters, accept instructions, clear the access to the accident site, set up a warning area, and prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering the accident. On-site; Count the number of rescuers entering the accident site, collect accident site information, identify possible sources of secondary accidents at the accident site, and report to the accident emergency site headquarters in a timely manner.
3.2 5 On-site rescue team
Team leader: Operations branch director
Members: duty leader, specialist, volunteer Firefighters, etc.
Responsibilities: Be familiar with the contents of the emergency plan for transformer fire accidents and the rescue methods for various equipment failures, water sources, firefighting equipment, passages, etc. at the involved locations; quickly respond to the accident when the emergency plan is activated The on-site command center assembled, followed instructions, did not act blindly, and carried out rescue operations in an orderly manner.
3.2 6 Rescue Logistics Support Team
Team Leader: Director of the General Office
Members: General Attendant, Cleaning Team Leader, Salary Responsibilities of clerks, typists, etc.: Be familiar with the contents of the emergency plan for transformer fire accidents and the storage location of emergency backup supplies; When the emergency plan is activated, quickly assemble at the accident emergency site headquarters, set up an on-site temporary rescue station, purchase emergency vehicles, and contact professional rescue resources , open up a green channel for personnel treatment, and record the instructions and processes issued by the accident emergency site headquarters.
3.2 7 Emergency duty room
The power plant has set up an emergency duty room to watch for transformer fire accidents. The duty room is located in the main control room and is on duty 24 hours a day.
4 Prevention and Early Warning
4.1 Hazard Source Monitoring
Strictly implement the “Work Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China”, “Work Safety Regulations of Liaoning Province”, “Twenty-five Anti-Accident Measures”, “Electric Power Industrial Technology Management Regulations”, “Electrical Equipment Installation Specifications”, “Fire Protection Design Code for Thermal Power Plants and Substations” (GB50229-1996), “Electric Safety Work Procedures (Power Plants and Substation Parts)”, Group The company’s “Fire Protection Management Standards” and the “Electrical Operation Procedures” of the x thermal power plant are inspected and rectified as required to continuously improve the power plant management system.
4.1.1 Operation technical management of transformer
(1) According to the maximum allowable load of the transformer during normal operation, as well as the allowable overload current and overload Time control standards for operation management.
(2) Establish and improve the maintenance and inspection system of electric transformers.
(3) Establish a preventive test system for transformers and conduct preventive tests in accordance with regulations; and strengthen the test record management of transformers.
(4) Improve the fire alarm system of the transformer, strengthen system maintenance, and ensure the normal operation of the system.
4.1.2 Operation monitoring of transformer
(1) Temperature monitoring of transformer during operation: Regularly carry out infrared temperature measurement of transformer; focus on Monitor the transformer joints, especially during high temperatures and heavy loads, and deal with problems in a timely manner
(2) Transformer operating load monitoring: Production and operation personnel should strengthen transformer load monitoring. If over-parameter operation is found, When this happens, you should immediately report to the squad leader and duty leader and take necessary measures.
4.1.3 Implement a regular patrol inspection system for transformer inspection
Strictly implement the power plant’s “Road Inspection System” and strengthen the appearance, oil temperature, current, voltage, load, temperature, cooling and ventilation of the transformer Inspect the device, oil pillow, casing, gas relay, etc. and make careful records. Report problems immediately and take effective preventive measures.
4.2 Early Warning Action
4.2.1 Early Warning
Abnormal operation of any transformer in the power plant will As an early warning condition of this plan, the observer should immediately report to the operating electrical squad leader and duty leader. If the transformer catches fire, call the nearest factory fire alarm and 119.
Key points of accident alarm: accident location, fire situation, burning materials and approximate quantity, the situation of people trapped at the fire scene, the name and phone number of the alarm person.
4.2.2 Receiving an alarm
After receiving the alarm, the operation shift supervisor should immediately issue a “danger on site” warning and report it to the emergency headquarters or emergency officeOffice report.
If a transformer accident occurs at night or on a rest day, the operation shift supervisor should immediately report it to the factory duty room.
Members of the accident scene emergency headquarters who receive the alarm should rush to the accident scene, analyze the accident situation, decide which level of emergency plan to activate, and notify and convene various emergency response teams for emergency preparation.
When receiving an alarm, the factory personnel on duty at night or on holidays should immediately summon other on-duty personnel in the factory to rush to the accident scene and coordinate with the on-duty supervisor for emergency response.
5 Information Reporting Procedure
When a transformer accident occurs in a power plant, it must report to) x City Work Safety Administration, x City If reported to the Electric Power Bureau and other competent authorities, the power plant shall report in a timely manner.
After receiving the transformer accident report, the personnel on duty in the emergency duty room should immediately report it to the person in charge of the emergency command office or the power plant supervisor, and keep records.
After receiving a report of a transformer accident, according to the instructions of the emergency headquarters, each department of the power plant should immediately organize relevant personnel to investigate, verify and confirm the reported matters, and report the situation to the emergency headquarters in a timely manner.
Once an accident report occurs and is verified, the group company must be reported immediately, and an emergency notification must be made to the production area and surrounding personnel that may be involved in the accident, explaining the nature of the accident, Protective measures taken and evacuation plans.
6 Emergency Response
6.1 Response Classification
According to the controllability, Depending on the severity and scope of impact, emergency response levels are in principle divided into Level I, I, IIl, and Level IV responses.
(1) Level I response is initiated when one of the following situations occurs
Causing more than 30 deaths (including missing persons), or endangering the lives of more than 30 people , or more than 100 people were injured (seriously), or the direct economic loss was more than 100 million yuan, causing the power generation and heating system of the plant to be completely paralyzed, and the fire fighting exceeded the power plant’s own emergency response capabilities.
(2) Level II response is initiated when one of the following situations occurs
Cause more than 10 people but not more than 30 people die (including missing), or endanger 10 people The life safety of more than 30 people but not more than 30 people, or the poisoning (serious injury) of more than 50 people but not more than 100 people, or causing a large-scale power supply and heating outage in key areas, direct economic losses of more than 50 million yuan and less than 100 million yuan, and fire fighting exceeds Transformer fire accidents involving the company’s own emergency response capabilities.
(3) Level I response is initiated when one of the following situations occurs
resulting in the deaths of more than 3 and less than 10 people (including missing persons),Or endangering the production safety of more than 10 people but less than 30 people, or poisoning (serious injury) of more than 30 people but less than 50 people, or direct economic losses are large and fire fighting exceeds the company’s own emergency response capabilities. Transformer fire accident.
(4) Initiate Level IV response when a general accident occurs or is likely to occur.
6 2 Response Procedures
When a power plant transformer catches fire, the on-site command center will direct the rescue, and communicate through landline, mobile phone, fax, etc. Report to the emergency headquarters of the group company. Depending on the severity of the accident, it is decided to initiate a corresponding level of response. Develop a fire-fighting plan, and arrange and contact relevant fire brigades to equip gas masks and protective clothing for rescue and fire-fighting.
The transformer fire emergency management agency must have electrical system diagrams and transformer fire emergency response flow charts.
Determine the scope of the power outage based on the location and conditions of the site and take measures to cut off the power supply to the fire site based on the principles of protecting people, heating, power grid, and equipment. When cutting off the power supply of the cable, because the power supply to small parts may not be cut off, firefighters should keep a certain distance from the cable rack when entering the cable trench to prevent electric shock.
6 3 Disposal measures
6 3 1 Accident alarm and initial treatment
Transformer fire accident When an accident occurs, once the discoverer discovers the fire and there is a fire alarm device or fixed fire extinguishing device at the accident site, he should immediately activate the alarm and fixed fire extinguishing device, call the fire alarm number nearby and report to the duty leader. Extinguish the fire or take measures to control the fire according to the fire situation; when the fire is fierce and the person involved is weak and personal safety is endangered, emergency evacuation is required.
After receiving the alarm of a transformer fire accident, the duty leader should immediately organize personnel to quickly and accurately isolate the equipment and systems involved in the fire, and cut off the relevant power sources; organize manpower to activate firefighting facilities at the accident site, and try to put out the initial fire. Fire occurs; when the fire expands and may affect areas where people are concentrated,
In addition to the necessary personnel left behind, organize the evacuation of other personnel to a safe area and send personnel to lead personnel to the fire scene.
Principles for handling transformer fire:
1. First disconnect the power supply (primary and secondary switches and knife switches), disable the fan and quickly extinguish the fire And put the backup transformer into operation.
2. If oil overflows and catches fire on the upper cover of the transformer, the accident throttle should be opened immediately to make the oil level lower than the damaged part of the shell. It is best to spray water on the shell.
3. If an internal fault causes a fire, do not drain the oil to prevent the transformer from exploding.
6 3.2 Emergency deployment of fire accidents
After receiving the fire alarm, the emergency headquarters at the accident scene, should rush to the accident scene immediately; set up a command location nearby; set up obvious signs to announce the activation of the corresponding special emergency plan for the fire accident site, and organize and coordinate the emergency actions of each emergency team.
After receiving the order to activate the emergency plan, each emergency team should immediately assemble and report to the emergency command headquarters at the accident site, and count the number of people; if conditions permit, personnel should wear obvious identification signs.
After arriving at the accident scene, the accident emergency scene headquarters should issue instructions such as evacuation of personnel, fire extinguishing and rescue, and transfer of materials based on the fire intensity, trapped personnel, equipment, and material conditions at the fire scene, and order all personnel in an organized manner. The emergency response team took action.
If a fire accident is accompanied by or secondary personal casualties or other accidents, the accident emergency site headquarters should promptly activate the corresponding special emergency plan.
During a fire accident emergency, the fire protection, medical, civil defense and other professional agencies where the power plant is located are promptly requested for reinforcements based on the fire intensity, personal casualties and other conditions to provide professional support to help implement the action.
After the fire is extinguished, the isolation and protection of the accident site should be immediately organized and the factory should be ventilated to ensure the safety of personnel when resuming production.
Develop a recovery test plan, gradually restore some of the undamaged equipment, and resume production as soon as possible.
The end point is when all main equipment returns to normal operation. After the transformer fire emergency task is completed, the emergency command headquarters issues an order to lift the emergency state.
7 Emergency Support
According to the material management regulations of the group company, emergency spare parts can be reserved through material joint storage and other methods to ensure that they can be used in the event of an accident. Provide accident spare parts in the shortest possible time.
7.1 Communication and Information Guarantee
The walkie-talkie channels used in emergencies and the telephone numbers of relevant personnel are shown in the attached table.
7.2 Emergency team and equipment support
The emergency team includes professional technicians, on-duty personnel, volunteer firefighters and external rescue department personnel. Emergency equipment includes positive pressure air respirators, gas masks, dust masks, walkie-talkies, hoses, noise-proof earmuffs, etc.
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